Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Future Community and Sustainable Development- Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Future Community and Sustainable Development. Answer: Introduction: Community development refers to a group of people with common identity. In community development work, the term development is defined as a process that authorizes individuals and groups within a community giving them an opportunity to improve their standard of lives and enhance the various possibilities of their lives. In this context, development includes change, improvement and taking of control of ones own future as well as their lives. It does not merely imply creation of wealth but here, wealth signifies the values of the people. In order to make community development a success, it is important that people believe in working together with the belief that cooperation can make a difference and organize with the objective to address the shared needs collectively (Warburton 2013). Human beings cannot sustain themselves and need to rely on others for sustainability. Communities are part of a bigger system; therefore, it has both national and international impact. A sense of community arises mostly during crisis such as natural disasters like floods and bushfires. However, that intensified sense of community cannot be felt when things return to normal. It is a well-known fact how community plays a significant role in assisting persons who are in need and provide assistance at the times of festivals, commemorations that also enables people to sustain the feeling of community. According to Christenon et al. (1989), community development is a concept that refers to the actions and practices to build communities which is based on the principles of justice, equality and fraternity. According to (Egan (2013), the practice refers to the method used to empower communities enabling them to take accountability and collective control for their self-development. Community development usually provide adequate trainings to organizers and leaders as it is perceived to be an effective way of ensuring sustainable benefits for the various parts of the world. Principles and Practice of Community Development Community workers often work with groups who are at the margins and whose lives have been adversely influenced by factors such as market liberalization, economic globalization and other political discourse. According to (Kasdan and Markman (2017) it is very important to understand the integration of theoretical understandings of the various methods that the society uses to ensure community development. The community development values are enumerated as below: Social justice- Social justice is entirely based on the values of fairness and equity. It is further concerned with equivalent distribution of economic resources, civil equality, industrial and legal rights. It aims at securing equal opportunity for decision and participation in the society. The social justice value seeks to lessen the structural disadvantage and promotes strategies for conquering inequality, discrimination and exclusion. Self-determination- The presence of self-determination is essential to achieve social justice as it encompasses the rights of all people for determining their social, cultural and economic development. From the perspective of community development, self-determination refers to selection of strategies, issues and goals and gain control over the decision-making process that is affecting their livelihood. Inclusiveness and participation- these are two central elements of community development. It implies all the people in the society have an equivalent opportunity to be involved in the success of an association (Dobrowolsky 2016). Community development assists autonomous involvement by people in all the issues that influence their lives based on complete citizenship, shared power, autonomy, skills, knowledge and experience. Equal Opportunity- this is central to economic development as it signifies that every people is treated with respect and dignity and have access to facilities and opportunities. The values of the community development challenges the practices of institutions and society, the attitudes of individuals that tend to discriminate against people. Community development recognizes the fact that people are of equal worth and importance, hence, they shall be entitled to same level of recognition and respect. Community Consultation It is a collaborative effort regarding community expectations and requirements. Community consultation can be considered as a shared approach to incorporate requirements of community within the framework of the project. It refers to the public procedures where the general public and other interested parties are invited to make contribution to specific policy changes or proposals. Community engagement is an active process that involves exchange of information and viewpoints between the public and the sponsoring organization (Skeldon 2014). The principles and values pertaining to community development can be divided into five different categories: Ecological- values based on ecological sustainability will notify community development in an oriented way. It includes sustainability, balanced development, diversity and natural development. Social Justice and Human Rights- Values under this category are based on fairer world. It includes empowerment, human rights, addressing structural disadvantage and discourse of advantage. Value the local- it includes valuing local knowledge, local skills, local processes and participation. Models of Community Development It is important to understand that models are essential to comprehend the conceptual framework community development. Several community approaches can be used in one community development project. Community economic development (CED)- it refers to a process of collective and individual effort that is built on existing networks and links which creates opportunities for better economic consequences. With the development of realistic and practical strategies to grab the opportunities and accept the challenges, it enables a community to encourage economic activity which will not only develop wealth but also enhances the standards of lives of the nationals. It is a substitute to conventional economic development as it emphasizes on the economic problems that is being faced by the community (Chawla 2016). In order to achieve such CED, innovative approaches are used to redefine and work towards the alternative solutions to the social and economic problems. Community Capacity Building- it includes technological, scientific, institutional, resource and organizational capabilities. The primary objective of this model of community development is to enhance the ability to address the crucial questions that are related to implementation modes and policy choices. These questions are based on the understanding environmental potentials and the needs perceived to be necessary by the people of the concerned country. Asset based Community Development (ABCD)- this is an asset-based approach that classifies assets in the community and it recognizes that members of the community have knowledge, assets, experience and skills which can be used to make the community a better place to live in. Sustainable community development- it is an essential principle of community development, which deals with global issues at local level. The World Commission on Environment (1987) refers to sustainable development that fulfils the present requirements without compromising with the upcoming generation. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) is an organization that promotes changes, experience, knowledge and resources to assist people to build a better he life. Community Development at Ethnic Communities Council of Queensland Ltd (ECCQ), Queensland A modern day example of community development is role of community development at ECCQ. The Community Development workers at ECCQ works for and with people from emerging and new communities for assisting such communities and the individuals of the communities to speak about identify and resolve their concerned issues on one hand, and on the other hand, it promotes their respective cultures (Garling et al. 2013). The Multicultural Affairs Queensland provides fund to the Community development Program within the Community Engagement Division under the conditions and terms of the Multicultural Assistance Program. Generally, the new and emerging communities refer to the refugees and the migrants that have not yet established any community infrastructure but they are increasing in large numbers. In the context of the community development at ECCQ, the term new and emerging implies refugees and migrants who have just arrived in the absence of any established community support as well as any migrant communities with an established in Australia. These migrant communities are growing in numbers but they lack support and recognition from the broader communities and the government. The community development workers have been successful in achieving the following community development goals: ECCQ has facilitated development of a collective advocacy group by and for emerging and new communities; A Sudanese Youth Association has received a state funding with the support of ECCQ for the purpose of organizing a youth presentation with the objective of demonstrating their issues, needs and culture pertaining to the wider community. ECCQ conducted Advocacy Workshops to introduce people coming from diverse cultural and linguistically background to the State, Local and Federal Government representatives and enable them to understand the process in which their issues have been heard and resolved. The community development values of ECCQ The multicultural advocate at ECCQ works for and with people from the new and established refugee and migrant organizations and communities that extends support to such people; The primary objective is to enhance the receptiveness of government systems or other services or systems to the requirements of cultural communities. The issues that are dealt with by the community development worker are those issues that usually affect the ethnic communities throughout the State. System advocacy is the community development method or approach that s used by the community development workers to carry out the community development works within the organization. System advocacy refers to the working process that aims at achieving positive changes for and with the group of people, which in this instance, is the new and established emigrants and refugees. This approach emphasizes on doing variety of things that usually influences the governments, both bureaucrats and the politicians to enable them to improve legislation, practices, policies, attitudes, resource and allocation (Correa et al 2015). Strategies adopted for community development at ECQQ Supporting ethnic organizations and communities- support is extended to promote improvements through information forums, sharing and meetings. The use of user-friendly documents is prepared to enable the members of ethnic communities to contribute their views in complex policy areas. Formation of network, partnerships or coalitions with ethnic communities- the formation of networks, partnerships or coalition with ethnic organizations and communities for the purpose of earning benefits of collective action- more energy, more ideas and more impact. Identification of the needs of the refugees and migrants- the identification of the needs of the migrants and refugees through informal discussion, research, consultation and by obtaining information from any existing reports regarding the same; Documentation of needs- the needs of the migrants and the refugees are noted in the form of reports and in other documents. The reporting is also made on the solutions that are provided for the needs of the refugees and migrants. This is because reports provides a basis for publicity and provides credibility to the advocates. The Womens Ethnic Network at ECCQ The issues that are being faced by the refugee and migrant women, in particular, those coming from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds, are addressed using the cultural development strategies. While the needs of these women should be included into overall policy strategies, particular targeted initiatives that also include policies, services and programs that are culturally appropriate must be addressed as per their particular circumstances Correa et al. 2013). The Womens Ethnic Network within ECCQ usually works towards combining the concerns and issues of refugee and migrant women into overall projects, initiatives and policies; in particular, they have statewide relevance. Womens Ethnic Network is a policies and issues forum for refugee and migrant women in Queensland. The culture and communities of women have played a significant role in social change and political protest. The culture of the women may vary by status, class, race, nationality of women. Research on the variation in the culture of women and cultural toolkits often contributes to the understanding of the diversity of the movement of the women including differences in the composition, organizational structures, strategies, goals and exclusiveness. It is important to study the communities of the women and their cultural dynamics, which is important to understand the process by which cultural changes take place. The ECCQ understands the importance of the cultural diversity of the womens community and strives to achieve the following goals: To organize activities and facilitates opportunities to be able to respond to the needs, rights and make necessary contributions with respect to women from culturally and linguistic diverse backgrounds. To promote, through ECCQ, with respect to womens issues at all levels of non-government and government sectors in the areas of service and policy delivery; To provide a forum for refugee and migrant women belonging to linguistically and culturally diverse backgrounds and identify their relevant issues; To cooperate with other groups that aims at improving the status of all women in Queensland; The community development at ECCQ signifies community participation and democracy. The community development workers use strategic position as mediator in the relationship between the state and its citizens through various forms of participation. The community development workers uses the Community development (CD) approach as they work with communities with the sole objective to attain social justice and advocates am inclusive and fair society having an equitable distributions of opportunities, power and resources across the population. The community development workers uses community care strategies that are culturally appropriate. They ensure access to high quality, innovative care services which further ensures wellness model of care that tends at improving the lives of the consumers. As stated that the strategies used are culturally appropriate, the most preferred strategies include the following: To develop and grow the organization on their own; To take into consideration the alliance or partnership opportunities to deliver more developed and diverse services which may be valuable and beneficial to both the organizations; To ensure opportunities for growth through assimilation and mergers are not considered as an option at this time. The community development workers at the ECCQ exhibit leadership quality that is essential to work as per the community development principles. The term leadership in the context of community development refers to the fact that one must think about if the supporting the representatives of a community by its members selflessly. However, according to (Kasdan and Markman (2017) the community development workers are not leaders but are facilitators which implies that such community development workers must ensure that such members of community should speak for themselves and as per the terms of reference of community workers. The community development workers are organizers who have certain goals, which is to create powers for others to hold. On the contrary, leaders must exercise power themselves to fulfill their desires (Dobrowolsky 2016). Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be inferred that every person irrespective of his or her background should be able to contribute and participate in every part of the Australian society. Inclusion and diversity builds stronger communities that are characterized by trust, sharing and cooperation of culture. Community development is all about the procedure, which enables people to invoke their capacity to build sustainability and capacity that is, the term, encompasses community development. ECCQ in Queensland is supporting growth of the state into a harmonious and inclusive community through its education and support programs and seeking equity around access to services with the aim to enable every person to participate and enjoy the same. Reference List Alam, K. and Imran, S., 2015. The digital divide and social inclusion among refugee migrants: A case in regional Australia.Information Technology People,28(2), pp.344-365. Berkes, F. and Ross, H., 2013. Community resilience: toward an integrated approach.Society Natural Resources,26(1), pp.5-20. Castles, S., De Haas, H. and Miller, M.J., 2013.The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. Palgrave Macmillan. Chawla, L. ed., 2016.Growing up in an urbanizing world. Routledge. Correa?Velez, I., Barnett, A.G. and Gifford, S., 2015. Working for a better life: Longitudinal evidence on the predictors of employment among recently arrived refugee migrant men living in Australia.International Migration,53(2), pp.321-337. DeFilippis, J. and Saegert, S., 2013.The community development reader. Routledge. Dobrowolsky, A., 2016.Women, migration and citizenship: making local, national and transnational connections. Routledge. Edwards, M.B., 2015. The role of sport in community capacity building: An examination of sport for development research and practice. Sport Management Review,18(1), pp.6-19. Egan, G., 2013.The skilled helper: A problem-management and opportunity-development approach to helping. Cengage Learning. Fook, J. and Pease, B. eds., 2016.Transforming social work practice: Postmodern critical perspectives. Routledge. 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Skeldon, R., 2014.Migration and development: A global perspective. Routledge. Warburton, D., 2013.Community and sustainable development: participation in the future. Routledge. Wheeler, S.M. and Beatley, T. eds., 2014.Sustainable urban development reader. Routledge. Wickes, R., Zahnow, R., White, G. and Mazerolle, L., 2014. Ethnic diversity and its impact on community social cohesion and neighborly exchange.Journal of Urban Affairs,36(1), pp.51-78.

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